(in
Catalan
Catalan may refer to:
Catalonia
From, or related to Catalonia:
* Catalan language, a Romance language
* Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia
Places
* 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...
; literally "brotherhoods") were guilds of artisans in the
Kingdom of Valencia
Kingdom commonly refers to:
* A monarchy ruled by a king or queen
* Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy
Kingdom may also refer to:
Arts and media Television
* ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...
in
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
. Each ''germania'' () represented a single trade. The ''germanies'' are similar to the (also "brotherhoods", but in
Castilian Spanish
In English, Castilian Spanish can mean the variety of Peninsular Spanish spoken in northern and central Spain, the standard form of Spanish, or Spanish from Spain in general. In Spanish, the term (Castilian) can either refer to the Spanish langua ...
) of
Castile, which were paramilitary law-enforcement militias. Similar to the ''hermandades'', the Germanies at times took up arms to defend Valencia against raids from the
Barbary pirate
The Barbary pirates, or Barbary corsairs or Ottoman corsairs, were Muslim pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa, based primarily in the ports of Salé, Rabat, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli. This area was known in Europe as t ...
s, but this privilege was revoked and the ''Germanies'' suppressed after they revolted against the royal government of
King Charles I of Spain
Charles V, french: Charles Quint, it, Carlo V, nl, Karel V, ca, Carles V, la, Carolus V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain ( Castile and Aragon) ...
.
Revolt
The ''germanies'' began to take power in Valencia in 1519 after an outbreak of the plague, and the situation degenerated to open warfare between the ''Germanies'' and the Crown by 1520. The previous king,
Ferdinand of Aragon, had granted permission for the ''Germanies'' to take up arms shortly before his death, but the Valencian nobles had mostly quashed this possibility, fearing the ''Germanies'' would gain political power if they could back their demands with force.
King Charles I, however, issued an edict legalizing the ''Germanies'' to take up arms in 1519, which allowed the ''Germanies'' to strike back at the royal government after the new
Viceroy of Valencia
This is a list of viceroys of the Kingdom of Valencia from 1520 to 1707.
*1520 : Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 1st Count of Melito
*1523 : Germaine of Foix and Johann of Brandenburg-Ansbach
*1526 : Germaine of Foix and Ferdinand of Aragon, Duque ...
refused to seat elected representatives friendly to the ''Germanies''.
The ''Germanies'' were defeated after a year of warfare and another year of guerrilla raids from the countryside. Their leaders were executed as traitors and the ''Germanies'' were banned.
See also
*
Hermandad
Santa Hermandad (, "holy brotherhood") was a type of military peacekeeping association of armed individuals, which became characteristic of municipal life in medieval Spain, especially in Castile. Modern hermandades in Spain, some of which evo ...
References
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Germania (Guild)
Guilds in Spain
History of the Valencian Community
Crown of Aragon
Defunct law enforcement agencies of Spain